{"id":26674,"title":"World Class Patents in Cutting-Edge Technologies","link":"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/de\/competitiveness-innovation\/patents-worldwide-world-class-patents-in-cutting-edge-technologies\/","date":"3. Juni 2020","date_unix":1591170732,"date_modified_unix":1747998973,"date_iso":"2020-06-03T07:52:12+00:00","content":"<p><em>Who is leading the world in intellectual property? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bertelsmann-stiftung.de\/en\/publications\/publication\/did\/world-class-patents-in-cutting-edge-technologies\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"\u00d6ffnet in einem neuen Tab\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Our new study<\/a> sets out to answer this question by focusing on the most important patents in fields of research: those that will be crucial for future prosperity. The results: The United States is the dominant patent superpower, but China is catching up fast. Europe, meanwhile, slowly but surely is dropping down the order.\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>\n<h3><strong>As innovation goes, so goes the economy<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Innovation is crucial for economic success. And patents, in turn, form the fundamental foundation of innovation. As a result, numerous studies have relied on patents as an indicator of a nation\u2019s future competitiveness. So, nothing new to see here? No, far from it! Our latest study breaks with the usual approach in three ways: First, it takes into account the huge differences in the quality of patents and standards of patent definitions by focusing only on the <strong>ten percent most important patents<\/strong> \u2013 what we call \u201c<strong>world-class patents.<\/strong>\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Second, it restricts itself to <strong>58 cutting-edge technologies<\/strong>, such as blockchain, 5G, or smart grid (see Race Bare Chart below). Third, it does not merely count patent applications but assesses the active patent portfolio at a given date \u2013 thus taking a snapshot of active patents rather than just counting newcomers.<\/p>\n<div class=\"postContentEmbed\">\n<div class=\"embedContainer embedContainer--video\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Patents: Which country has the most patents related to recycling?  (from 2000 to 2019)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/iLOLxHZmbSo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><strong>Quantity vs. quality<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The most important advantage of our approach is that it brings the <strong>patents into focus which really matter<\/strong>. Wind energy technology is a good example when explaining the discrepancy between the great mass of patents and the <strong>elite world class patents<\/strong>: All in all, 2019 saw 40,011 wind energy patents worldwide until September 9th. 16,740 of these were from China. Out of these, however, only 300 are world class patents based on their <strong>market coverage<\/strong> and their <strong>citation by official examiners<\/strong> in patent offices.<\/p>\n<p>In 2019, China held about 40 percent of the global wind energy patents in total, but only 6.6 percent of the world class patents.\u00a0 By comparison, Germany holds 958 world class patents in wind energy, out of a total of 3,829 patents in that technology as of September 9th, 2019 (see Figure 1).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-26677 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_1-1024x693.jpg\" alt=\"Patents China\" width=\"1024\" height=\"693\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_1-1024x693.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_1-300x203.jpg 300w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_1-768x520.jpg 768w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_1-600x406.jpg 600w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_1.jpg 1342w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Patent hyperpower United States<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The results show that the unipolar moment of the United States is not over yet \u2013 at least when it comes to world class patents. In 2000, the <strong>United States<\/strong> held the <strong>most-world class patents<\/strong> in 55 of the 58 technologies examined. In 2019, this number was only down slightly. It still leads in a staggering 50 technologies, taking second place in each of the other eight ones. It is particularly <strong>far ahead in the fields of health and security<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The United States is also strong in central <strong>cross-sectional technologies<\/strong> in the field of digitalization. A case in point is artificial intelligence. Even though it has been losing a little ground, it still holds almost half the world-class patents in the world and has a solid lead over second-placed China.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26678 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_2.jpg\" alt=\"artificial intelligence graph\" width=\"975\" height=\"945\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_2.jpg 975w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_2-300x291.jpg 300w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_2-768x744.jpg 768w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_2-600x582.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 975px) 100vw, 975px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>China is catching up fast<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>While the U.S. lead is impressive, <strong>China\u2019s dynamic<\/strong> is even more so. In 2000, China was not a serious challenger in intellectual property: In not a single of the 58 technologies, did it hold a position among the five nations with the most world class patents.<\/p>\n<p>In 2010, it had gained some ground but still did not make it into the top 3 in any of the technologies. Today, however, it holds the <strong>most world-class patents in five technologies and has made it into the top 3 in 37 more<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Recycling, water treatment, and waste management are three environmental technologies where China has outperformed its competitors, now holding the largest number of world-class patents in them. China also leads in the two nutritional technologies of biocides and fertilizer. Coming from out of nowhere, China is now considerably ahead of all other countries in the latter, including the United States.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26679 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_3-1024x828.jpg\" alt=\"fertilizer chart\" width=\"1024\" height=\"828\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_3-1024x828.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_3-300x242.jpg 300w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_3-768x621.jpg 768w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_3-600x485.jpg 600w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_3.jpg 1043w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Watch out for South Korea<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>So far, so foreseeable. Given its size and research potential, it is no wonder that China has indeed been able to not only produce many patents but also many world-class patents. However, East Asia\u2019s rise is not limited to its foremost powerhouse only. While <strong>Japan remains a very formidable player<\/strong> (holding most world class patents in three technologies), <strong>South Korea\u2019s growth dynamic<\/strong> has secured it a spot in the top echelon, too.<\/p>\n<p>Just like China, it was nowhere to be found among the five nations with the highest number of world-class patents in 2000. By 2019, it had secured a top 5 spot in 29 technologies. This means that South Korea holds fifth place or higher in terms of the number of world-class patents in more than half of all technologies considered. Taking into account its size, its performance is even more impressive.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26680 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_4.jpg\" alt=\"batterytech chart\" width=\"944\" height=\"741\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_4.jpg 944w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_4-300x235.jpg 300w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_4-768x603.jpg 768w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_4-600x471.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 944px) 100vw, 944px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Europe needs to step up its game<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>So far, the <strong>rise of East Asia mostly goes at Europe\u2019s expense<\/strong>. This is particularly true for France. In 2000, it held the top 5 spots in 41 of the 58 technologies examined. In 2010, the number had already dropped to 19. In 2019, it stood at 12th. Both the United Kingdom and Germany have also witnessed sharp declines in the past decade. The UK dropped from 40 in 2010 to 21 top 5 positions in 2019. Germany, Europe\u2019s strongest patent power, still earned an impressive 47 top 3 positions in 2010 but merely 22 in 2019.<\/p>\n<p>One of the few fields, were Europe was able to hold its share of world-class patents stable or even slightly improve its position in certain subfields, is <strong>health<\/strong>. While it trails the United States by a large margin, it has been able to keep East Asia at bay.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26681 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_5.jpg\" alt=\"health chart\" width=\"996\" height=\"878\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_5.jpg 996w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_5-300x264.jpg 300w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_5-768x677.jpg 768w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_5-600x529.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 996px) 100vw, 996px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>World-Class Patent Oligopoly<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The strong concentration of world class patents in a few major countries is striking \u2013 and a cause for concern about a growing divide between them and the rest of the world. Besides the seven nations mentioned so far, only <strong>Canada<\/strong> ranks rather high across most of the spectrum of cutting-edge technologies, making the top 5 in nine of them.<\/p>\n<p>Given its small economy, <strong>Switzerland<\/strong> also has a broad basis and covers, in particular, the fields of industry, materials, digitalization, and health very well, where it achieves high global shares. <strong>Denmark<\/strong> has the third-most world class patents in wind power, <strong>Sweden<\/strong>, and the <strong>Netherlands<\/strong> stand out in a few specific fields. <strong>India<\/strong>, on the other hand, manages only four top 5 positions despite its size and its impressive economic growth rates.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26682 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_6.jpg\" alt=\"wind energy chart\" width=\"933\" height=\"766\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_6.jpg 933w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_6-300x246.jpg 300w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_6-768x631.jpg 768w, https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/Figure_6-600x493.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 933px) 100vw, 933px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>More to come<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>In this post, we have given an overview of the central findings of the study. Over the next few weeks, we will take a more detailed look into the strengths and weaknesses of individual countries and regions. Stay tuned, or &#8211; if you cannot wait any longer &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bertelsmann-stiftung.de\/en\/publications\/publication\/did\/world-class-patents-in-cutting-edge-technologies\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"\u00d6ffnet in einem neuen Tab\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">check out the full study<\/a> now.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n","excerpt":"<p>Who is leading the world in intellectual property? Our new study sets out to answer this question by focusing on [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","thumbnail":"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/BSt_Weltklassepatente_Web_Cover_Header.jpg","thumbnailsquare":"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/06\/BSt_Weltklassepatente_Web_Cover_Header.jpg","authors":[{"id":23763,"name":"Markus Overdiek","link":"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/de\/blogger\/markus-overdiek\/"},{"id":20300,"name":"Thomas Rausch","link":"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/de\/blogger\/thomas-rausch\/"}],"categories":[{"id":595,"name":"Competitiveness &amp; Innovation","link":"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/category\/competitiveness-innovation\/"}],"tags":[{"id":181,"name":"patent","link":"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/tag\/patent\/"},{"id":182,"name":"patent study","link":"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/tag\/patent-study\/"},{"id":180,"name":"patents","link":"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/tag\/patents\/"},{"id":183,"name":"patents worldwide","link":"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/tag\/patents-worldwide\/"},{"id":151,"name":"Publications","link":"https:\/\/bst-europe.eu\/tag\/publications\/"}]}